I taught physics in a secondary school in Kenya, Mombasa. Introduction of Physics has the scientific method which every scientist has to have knowledge in. I stumbled upon its history and would love my students today to dig deeper and eat the bittersweet roots of the truth behind the cassava plant that is posterior analytic.
Despite the disagreements about approaches, the scientific method has advanced in definite steps. Rationalist explanations of nature, including atomism, appeared both in ancient Greece in the thought of Leucippus and Democritus, and in ancient India, in the Nyaya, Vaisesika, and Buddhist schools, while Charvaka materialism rejected inference as a source of knowledge in favor of empiricism that was always subject to doubt. Aristotle pioneered the scientific method in ancient Greece alongside his empirical biology and his work on logic, rejecting a purely deductive framework in favor of generalizations made from observations of nature.
Some of the most important debates in the history of the scientific method center on rationalism, especially as advocated by RenΓ© Descartes; inductivism, which rose to particular prominence with Isaac Newton and his followers; and hypothetical-deductivism, which came to the fore in the early 19th century. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a debate over realism vs. antirealism was central to discussions of the scientific method as powerful scientific theories extended beyond the realm of the observable, while in the mid-20th century some prominent philosophers argued against any universal rules of science at all.
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