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Education and Gender inequalities
The Government of Kenya made primary education free in 2003, the number of
students increased, because of these the number of students enrolled in the University has
gone up nonetheless there are Over a quarter of young people have less than a lower
secondary education and one in ten did not complete primary school.
University level, student numbers grew by a massive 28% between 2013 and
2014, and similar growth is expected this year, yet funding was cut by 6 percent in the
2015 national budget. Free Primary Educations purpose was to help students coming
from poor households or humble families.
What does the Government of Kenya mean by free Primary Education? Parents
were not supposed to pay fees and levies. Fees and levies are generalized, it could be
tuition fee, remedial class fees, boarding fees book fees, uniform fees, the government
did not specify which fee.
Review of policies put in place by the Government of Kenya to show how the free
primary education has shown that there was an increase in the number of students
enrolled than a drop of students in the subsequent number of years, most of which either
dropped out of school or joined affordable private schools.
The mismatch between funding and enrollment growth will mean a heavier tuition
burden for students, increasing the significant access issues that already exist for the
marginalized, and adding to quality issues related to overcrowding, overburdened
infrastructure, and faculty shortages.
Research, conducted 10 months after the introduction of FPE in and around the
informal settlement of Kibera, Nairobi, suggests a less beneficial outcome. (James
Tooley, 2008) as still most of the parents opt to take their children to private schools to
the awe of many.
A question standing out is from 2003 to date has this impacted on our social,
cultural, economic development? Yes free primary education has impacted positively in
terms of number children going to school and being offered Education, but the quality of
this education is a problem as there are challenges having been identified by the
Government have not implemented A list of challenges that came with free primary Education as the Government of
Kenya tries to meet Universal Primary Education (UPE) vision.
The challenges identified with the FPE are:
• Delays in Funds Disbursement from the Government to the schools
• Teacher Shortages – with the increase in the number of student teacher-student
ratio increased.
• Teacher-Learning Facilities - with the number of students increasing the school
learning facilities
• Managerial Skills
• Students; Mobility from Public to Private and within Public Schools
• Embezzlement of Funds – as a new Government initiative most school heads had
a problem with the allocation of funds within their schools.
• Marginalization - With the allocation, the funds used in some communities some
of the School heads chose who to benefit from the FPE most rather than equal
chances.
• Culture and Gender - customs, beliefs arts of a society, association, country,
religion, tribe or group/s of people working together towards a similar vision or
goal.
With these cultures, most communities tend to push for early marriages rather
than education. Most cultures in the world do this reason despite laws against it, the
practice remains widespread, in part because of persistent poverty and gender inequality.
In developing countries, one in every three girls is married before reaching age 18. One
in nine is married under age 15.
The FPE has failed since students who graduate from primary coming from poor
households drop out of secondary education due to lack of funds and poor planning. Why
say women and girls are marginalized, and what does this mean? Globally 98 million
girls are not in school. 1 to 3 women experience gender-based violence what this means
schools. Women account for one of the potential human capital of any economy. What
about sexuality. In Kenya, how many advance career as far as men and accumulate fewer
retirement savings. Why gender equality in workplaces similar situations not necessarily
inasmuch men as is for women. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948, declared that everyone has a right to education.
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