x̄ - > Dirty water and poor WASH conditions can sharply raise maternal sepsis risk. Birth level dataset and Stata Se workflow

Dirty water and poor WASH conditions can sharply raise maternal sepsis risk.

Maternal sepsis remains a major contributor to preventable maternal mortality. Environmental conditions—especially unsafe water—play a critical role in infection risk during childbirth.

1.5–2.0xHigher odds

2.3xRural effect

High ROIWASH impact

Stata Workflow

melogit sepsis_mother i.unsafe_water##i.rural || facility_id:

Extended Modeling Strategy

Multiple models test robustness and isolate causal pathways.

Unadjusted

Crude association

Adjusted

Adds covariates

Multilevel

Accounts for clustering

logit sepsis_mother unsafe_water

logit sepsis_mother unsafe_water age parity

melogit sepsis_mother unsafe_water || facility_id:

Interaction Effects

melogit sepsis_mother i.unsafe_water##i.rural || facility_id:
margins unsafe_water#rural

Diagnostics

estat ic
estat variance

Sensitivity Analysis

gen severe_wash = facility_wash_score < 3
melogit sepsis_mother severe_wash || facility_id:

Policy Direction

Improving WASH in maternity settings is a high-impact intervention for reducing maternal sepsis.